![]() ![]() Unfortunately, there is no standard method for measuring sleep need. This need is defined by individual genetics and physiology and does not change after losing a night of sleep or oversleeping on the weekends. Sleep need is the biological requirement for sleep, or the minimal amount of rest the body requires to prepare for the next day. Viewed in this way, sleep can be divided into three processes: sleep need, sleep ability, and sleep opportunity. Conceptualizing sleep as a health behavior is useful because it highlights how behavior and neurobiology interact, and how individuals can modify their health through sleep. Conceptualizing sleep as a health behaviorĪ health behavior is an action (or omission) by an individual that impacts their health. Sleep ultimately depends on this collaboration between behavior and biology, and a deficit in either will disrupt sleep. Turning off the lights, reducing noise, and laying down are voluntary behaviors, but the result is an involuntary increase in melatonin and a series of shifts in the activity patterns of the brain throughout the night. Additionally, proper sleep involves a dynamic interaction between voluntary decisions and involuntary biological activities. As a predictable and easily reversible phenomenon, sleep is distinct from states of anesthesia and coma, which typically involve the absence or suppression of neural activity. ![]() Sleep is a naturally recurring and reversible biobehavioral state characterized by relative immobility, perceptual disengagement, and subdued consciousness. This chapter provides that foundation by discussing the conceptualization, physiology, and measurement of sleep. To understand everything that sleep does, however, it is necessary to understand what sleep is. Sleep is an essential element of human health, supporting a wide range of systems including immune function, metabolism, cognition, and emotional regulation. Sleep need Sleep ability Sleep opportunity Sleep physiology Polysomnography Actigraphy Non-REM sleep REM sleep Circadian rhythms Sleep measurement Introduction Grandnerc a Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United Statesī Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United StatesĬ Sleep and Health Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States Abstract General concepts in sleep health Chapter 1 The basics of sleep physiology and behaviorĪndrew S. Contains accessible reviews that point to relevant literature in often-overlooked areas, serving as a helpful guide to all relevant information on this broad topic area.Addresses important topics such as sleep disparities, sleep and cardiometabolic disease risk, real-world effects of sleep deprivation, and public policy implications of poor sleep.Highlights the important role of sleep across a wide range of topic areas.This book serves as a resource for those interested in learning about the growing field of sleep health research, including sections on social determinants, cardiovascular disease, cognitive functioning, health behavior theory, smoking, and more. Based on a firm foundation in many areas of sleep health research, this text further provides introductions to each sub-area of the field and a summary of the current research for each area. Sleep and Health provides an accessible yet comprehensive overview of the relationship between sleep and health at the individual, community and population levels, as well as a discussion of the implications for public health, public policy and interventions.
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